Ipulatifomu yemiyalezo yeTelegram isibe ngenye yezindawo eziyinhloko zokubonisana ngezihloko, izincwadi, kanye nezindaba zesayensi, kodwa futhi yindawo lapho [izinkinga ezingachazwanga] zanda khona. ukuzenza abanye abashicileli bezemfundo abasezingeni eliphezuluUcwaningo olwenziwe eSpain lubeke izinombolo ezicacile enkingeni abaningi ababeyisola, kodwa eyayingakabalwa kahle.
Ngokwalolu cwaningo, oluqhutshwa yi- Inyuvesi yaseGranada (UGR)Cishe iziteshi zeTelegram eziyisishiyagalombili kweziyishumi ezisebenza ngaphansi kwamagama abashicileli abakhulu besayensi bamazwe ngamazwe azisemthethweni. Ngokukhethekile, kutholakale ukuthi cishe Ama-78% eziteshi ezibangelwa yilaba bashicileli awekhohlisi, iphesenti elikhathazayo ikakhulukazi esimweni saseYurophu esiphawulwa ukulwa nokwaziswa okungaqondile kwesayensi.
Ukwanda kwamanga nokuqukethwe okungabazekayo okufihliwe njengokuqukethwe kwezemfundo kuyaqhubeka nokukhula, futhi lo msebenzi unikeza incazelo engaba khona: I-Telegram ibamba i- Inethiwekhi ebanzi nehlelekile yeziteshi ezizenza abashicileli besayensi ukusabalalisa izinto ezingagunyaziwe, ukunikeza izinsizakalo zokushicilela okuthiwa ziyasebenza, kanye nokusebenzisa kabi idumela lezikhungo ezidumile. ISpain, njengengxenye yesimiso sesayensi saseYurophu, ayivikelekile emiphumeleni yalesi simo.
Abalobi balolu cwaningo bathi le ndawo ku-Telegram akuyona into eyenzeka yodwa, kodwa iwuphawu lwe- ukuntuleka kokuba khona okusemthethweni nokuqinisekisiwe ngabashicileli ngokwaboLesi sikhala sivumela abenzi bobubi ukuthi bazibeke phambili ekuxhumaneni kwesayensi epulatifomu, okuthonya inani labasebenzisi abafinyelela ezincwadini nasezihlokweni.
Imephu yokukhwabanisa eziteshini zabashicileli besayensi
Lo msebenzi wenziwe yi- Iyunithi Yezobuntu Bekhompyutha kanye Nesayensi Yezenhlalo (U-CHASS) abavela eNyuvesi yaseGranada. Abacwaningi UVictor Herrero Solana noCarlos Castro Castro Baqala ukuhlaziya uhlelo lweziteshi zeTelegram eziziveza njengezixhumene nabashicileli abakhulu bezemfundo nokulinganisa ukuthi leso sixhumanisi singokoqobo kangakanani.
Ukuze benze lokhu, bakhethe Abashicileli besayensi bamazwe ngamazwe abayi-13 abaphambiliPhakathi kwabo kukhona abashicileli abadumile njengo-Elsevier, uSpringer, uWiley-Blackwell, iNature, kanye neCambridge University Press. Ukukhethwa kwenziwe kucatshangelwa umsebenzi wabo. isisindo ku-portal ye-SCImago, enye yezinkomba ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhloleni umkhiqizo wesayensi womhlaba wonke.
Lapho uhlu lwabashicileli selusunguliwe, abacwaningi babathola ku-Telegram. Iziteshi ezingu-37 ezingahlotshaniswa nalezi zinhlobokungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusetshenziswa igama, ilogo, noma izinkomba eziqondile kumaqoqo abo kanye nezincwadi. Inhloso yayikabili: ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi ziteshi zazinobudlelwano obusemthethweni nabashicileli; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlonza amaphethini okuziphatha phakathi kwalabo okwatholakala ukuthi bangamaqili.
Imiphumela yayicacile. Kumashaneli angu-37 ahlaziyiwe, kuphela Eziyisishiyagalombili zaqinisekiswa njengeziyiqiniso futhi zaxhunyaniswa ngqo nezindlu zokushicilelaOkusho ukuthi, ama-21,62% kuphela eziteshi atholakale ukuthi asemthethweni, uma kuqhathaniswa ne- Ama-78,38% eziteshi mbumbulu asebenzise ubunikazi balezi zikhungo ngaphandle kwemvumeEmpeleni, umsebenzisi ofuna isiteshi seTelegram "esisemthethweni" cishe uzogcina esesikhaleni sokukhwabanisa kunesangempela.
Ucwaningo lushicilelwe kumagazini wezemfundo "I-IDB: Imibhalo Yaseyunivesithi NgeLabhulali Nesayensi Yolwazi"Kumagazini wayo kaDisemba 2025, ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "Abahleli besayensi abaphambili eziteshini zeTelegram: indlela yokuthola iziteshi ezingamanga nge-ChatGPT kanye ne-DeepSeek." Ngale kwezinombolo, ucwaningo luchaza i- uhlelo lwemvelo olusontekile ngokujulile okubeka izingozi kokubili emphakathini wesayensi kanye nabafundi kanye nabafundi.
Ucwaningo oluqavile olusebenzisa i-ChatGPT ne-DeepSeek
Esinye sezici ezintsha kakhulu zomsebenzi yi- indlela esuselwe ekuhlakanipheni kokwenziwaAbacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseGranada basungule ukusetshenziswa kwe Amamodeli olimi (LLM) njenge-ChatGPT kanye ne-DeepSeek ukusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi iziteshi ezihlaziyiwe zisemthethweni noma cha, kuhlanganiswe amakhono azo okuhlaziya nokubuyekezwa komuntu okulandelayo.
Umklamo wocwaningo wahlelwa njenge- ucwaningo lwamacala amaningiKuyo yonke imigudu engu-37 ekhonjiwe, isicelo esijwayelekile eyathunyelwa kokubili ku-ChatGPT naku-DeepSeek, yenza kusebenze i- umsebenzi wokusesha iwebhu yalezi zinhlobo. Umqondo wawuwukuthi i-AI ingahlola, ngesikhathi sangempela, ukuba khona kwezixhumanisi eziya kumakhasi ezinkampani, ama-akhawunti aqinisekisiwe, nezinye izimpawu zobuqiniso.
Umsebenzi wamamodeli kwakuwukuba hlola amathuba okuthi isiteshi ngasinye besisemthethweni, ngokusekelwe ezinkombeni ezifana nokuvumelana phakathi kokuqukethwe kanye nomugqa wokuhlela womkhiqizo, ukuba khona kwezixhumanisi ezithembekile eziya kumawebhusayithi ezikhungo, ukuba khona kwama-logo namagama afanele, noma ukubhekisela ezinqubweni zokuhlela eziqashelwayo.
Lapho amazinga e-ChatGPT kanye ne-DeepSeek esetholakele, ithimba le-UGR lenze i-a ukuqinisekiswa okuzimele ngesandlaokwaba yiqiniso eliyisisekelo. Ngamanye amazwi, i-AI ayizange ibe nezwi lokugcina: abacwaningi baqhathanisa usesho lwabo futhi bahlola nezimpendulo zamamodeli ukuze banqume ukuthi isiteshi ngasinye siyiqiniso noma singamanga.
Le ndlela yenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukukhombisa ukuthi ama-LLM angaba amathuluzi awusizo okuhlola okukhulu kokuqala, njengoba kuboniswe futhi yi Ukuvalwa kweziteshi ngenxa yama-trailer e-AI mbumbuluikakhulukazi ezinkundleni ezineziteshi eziningi kanye nenani lolwazi okunzima ukuluphatha ngesandla kuphela. Kodwa-ke, wakwenza kwacaca ukuthi, kusukela namuhla, Ngeke zikwazi ukuthatha indawo yokwahlulela kochwepheshe ngokuphelele uma kukhulunywa ngokuqinisekisa izindaba ezibucayi njengalezo zabashicileli besayensi.
Indlela iziteshi mbumbulu ezisebenza ngayo ku-Telegram
Ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kweziteshi ezingu-37 kuvumele ukwakhiwa kabusha kwephethini efanayo Labo abazenza abashicileli besayensi basebenza kanjani ku-Telegram?Umkhuba ovame kakhulu ukusatshalaliswa ngobuningi izincwadi, izincwadi zemiyalelo kanye nezihloko ngefomethi yedijithali ngaphandle kwemvume, ngaphansi kwesithembiso sokufinyelela kwamahhala noma ukulanda ngqo ezihlokweni ezivikelwe yi-copyright.
Kanye nalokhu kusakazwa kokuqukethwe okungagunyaziwe, iziteshi eziningi zokukhwabanisa zinikeza izinsizakalo zokuhlela ezingathembekile nezenjengokushicilela amaphepha kumajenali anethonya elikhulu ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu noma ukuqinisekisa ukwamukelwa kwezihloko ngaphandle kwenqubo ejwayelekile yokubuyekezwa kontanga. Lolu hlobo lwesimangalo luyingozi kakhulu ku abacwaningi abasafufusa, abafundi bezokwelapha, kanye nochwepheshe abanolwazi oluncane esifundeni sokushicilela sezemfundo.
Abacwaningi bathole nokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe kwe- ulimi olukhuthaza kakhuluLe miyalezo ikhumbuza kakhulu imikhankaso yokumaketha enobudlova kunokuxhumana okuphusile okuvamile kwabashicileli besayensi. Izithembiso zezaphulelo, "izipesheli ezikhethekile," kanye nezinzuzo ezingenakwenzeka ziningi, okuyinto exakile uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela umkhakha wezemfundo ovame ukuxhumana ngayo.
Kwezinye izimo, iziteshi mbumbulu ziyasebenzisa amalogo omshicileli, amagama eqoqo, noma izixhumanisi ezimfushane okunikeza ukubukeka kokufaneleka. Uma uqala ukubuka, kumsebenzisi ongajwayelene nokusebenza kwangaphakathi kwalezi zikhungo, isethulo singabonakala sikholisa, ikakhulukazi uma isiteshi sihlanganisa izindaba, izimemezelo, kanye nemibhalo ehlanganisa izinto zangempela nokuqukethwe okuvela emvelaphi engabazisayo.
Lonke lolu hlaka ludala lokho ucwaningo olukuchaza njenge- uhlelo lwe-ecosystem oluphambene ngaphakathi kwe-Telegramlapho ukuba khona kweziteshi ezingekho emthethweni kudlula kakhulu lokho kwama-akhawunti axhunywe ngempela kubashicileli. Empeleni, lokhu kuhunyushwa ngokuthi izingozi ezinkulu ebuqothweni bezemfundo kanye nempahla yobuhlakaniLokhu kuyinkinga eSpain nakulo lonke elaseYurophu, njengoba kwenza kube lula ukusakazwa kwemisebenzi ephangiwe kanye nezipesheli ezidukisayo ezithinta ababhali, izikhungo kanye nabafundi.
Yini elungile ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa futhi ingalungile kuphi?
Ngokuphathelene nokusebenza kwamamodeli, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi womabili I-ChatGPT kanye ne-DeepSeek zikhombisa ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ekutholeni iziteshi ezingamanga ngokusobala.Uma ukuzenza umuntu ongeyena kusobala—ukungabikho nhlobo kwezixhumanisi ezisemthethweni, izithembiso ezingalindelekile, okuqukethwe okuphangiwe obala—zombili izinhlelo zivame ukuvumelana ekuxilongweni kwazo futhi zihlukanise iziteshi njengezingekho emthethweni.
Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luphinde lwembule ukuthi imikhawulo yesakhiwo yalezi zinhlobo ekuqinisekiseni ubuqiniso beziteshi zangempelaAmacala abangele ubunzima obukhulu yilawo lapho isiteshi sibonakala sihlobene nomshicileli, kodwa singenawo. izimpawu zokuqinisekisa eziqinile, njengophawu lokuhlola oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ku-Telegram noma izixhumanisi ezicacile eziya emakhasini ezikhungo angaqinisekiswa kalula.
Amamodeli awaziphathanga ngendlela efanayo. Ngokusho kocwaningo, I-DeepSeek yayivame ukubeka isisindo esikhulu ekuvumelaneni kokuqukethwe komongoNgamanye amazwi, ukuthi uhlobo lwezincwadi, ithoni yemiyalezo, kanye nesakhiwo sesiteshi kuyavumelana yini nalokho obekulindelwe kumshicileli wesayensi osunguliwe. Le ndlela igxile endleleni isiteshi esixhumana ngayo nsuku zonke.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, I-ChatGPT ibeke phambili ukuqinisekiswa okusemthethweni kobudlelwano bezikhungoEmpeleni, lokhu kwakusho ukugcizelela kakhulu ukuba khona kwesiteshi kumawebhusayithi ezinkampani, ukuba khona kokukhulunywa okuqinisekisiwe, noma ukuxhumana kwaso namanye ama-akhawunti aqashelwayo. Lapho lezi zinto zingacacile, imodeli yabonisa ukuqapha okukhulu noma ukungabaza mayelana nobuqiniso.
Ucwaningo luphetha ngokuthi lezi zindlela ezihambisanayo ziwusizo kakhulu yenza ukuhlunga kokuqala ezindaweni ezigcwele ulwazikodwa kugcizelela ukuthi Ukuthembeka kwe-AI njengesitholi esizimele sabasebenzisi abangenalo ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kusalinganiselwe.Abalobi batusa ukusebenzisa la mamodeli njengengxenye yezinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe lapho ukuhlaziywa okuzenzakalelayo kunikeza ukwesekwa, kodwa ukuqinisekiswa kokugcina kulele kochwepheshe abanolwazi ekubhalweni nasekuhleleni kwesayensi.
Ukucwasa emithonjeni kanye nokulawula okuqukethwe kwesiNgisi
Ngaphezu kokulinganisa ukukhwabanisa, uphenyo lugxile ekuhloleni Yimiphi imithombo i-ChatGPT kanye ne-DeepSeek abayisebenzisayo lapho beqinisekisa izimpendulo zabo?Esinye sezinto ezitholwe ngendlela emangalisayo kwaba ukuba khona okukhulu kwe Izinkomba zaseNtshonalanga uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindawo zezwengisho nasesimweni se-DeepSeek, okungase kucatshangwe ukuthi siseduze nemithombo yase-Asia.
Lokhu kungalingani kukhombisa ukubusa kokuqukethwe kwesiNgisi ku-inthanethiikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngolwazi lwesayensi nolwezemfundo. Ngenxa yokuthi baqeqeshwe kakhulu ngedatha ikakhulukazi ngalolo limi, amamodeli avame ukuphinda lokho kusakazwa ekusesheni nasekuphikisaneni kwawo, okudala ukubandlulula kwesakhiwo lapho kudingeka bahlole imithombo evela kwezinye izimo zolimi.
Empeleni, lokhu kubandlulula kungenza kube nzima ukuhlolwa kweziteshi ezixhunywe kubashicileli abangebona abaseNtshonalangaamawebhusayithi abo, izinhlelo zokuqinisekisa, noma izitayela zokuxhumana ezingase zingavumelani kahle namaphethini avamile ezweni lama-Anglo-Saxon. Ngenxa yalokho, ezinye iziteshi ezisemthethweni zingase zimbozwe ukungaqiniseki noma ukusola okukhulu kunezinye zaseNtshonalanga.
Abalobi baleli phepha bathi lesi sici kufanele sicatshangelwe uma klama amathuluzi okuqapha omhlaba wonke asekelwe ku-AILokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi eYurophu, lapho izikhungo zesayensi ezivela ezizindeni ezihlukene kakhulu zihlala khona ndawonye. Uma lokhu kucwasa kungalungiswa, kunengozi yokuqinisa ukungalingani ekubonakaleni nasekuqashelweni phakathi kwabashicileli ngokusekelwe ezweni labo noma ulimi abadabuka kulo.
Njengesiqondiso sesikhathi esizayo, ucwaningo luphakamisa amamodeli ezitimela anezinkampani ezilinganiselayo nezihlukahlukenekanye nokulungisa izindlela zokuhlola ukuze kuboniswe kangcono ukwehlukahlukana kohlelo lwezemfundo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe obuklanyelwe ukulwa nolwazi olungamanga bungagcina buveza amaphethini angahlosiwe okukhipha abanye ngaphandle.
Indawo enobungozi obukhulu bobuqotho bezemfundo
Ngazo zonke lezi zinto, abacwaningi bachaza indawo yonke yeziteshi zeTelegram ezihlobene nabashicileli besayensi njenge- indawo enobungozi obukhulu bobuqotho bezemfundo kanye nempahla yobuhlakaniIningi leziteshi mbumbulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nenani elincane lama-akhawunti angempela, kwenza kube nzima kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile ukuhlukanisa ngokushesha ukuthi yimiphi imithombo ethembekile.
Phakathi kwezingozi ezitholakele, okulandelayo kuyagqama: ukusatshalaliswa okungalawulwa kwezinto zesayensiLokhu akugcini nje ngokwephula ilungelo lobunikazi kodwa futhi kungenza kube lula ukusakazwa kwezinguqulo ezindala, ezingaphelele, noma ezishintshiwe zezihloko nezincwadi. Lolu hlobo lokusakazwa okungalawulwa lungathinta indlela abafundi, othisha, nabacwaningi eYurophu ababonisana futhi bacaphune ngayo izincwadi zesayensi.
Enye ingozi efanele yilena yokuthi izinsizakalo zokushicilela ezikhohlisayoLe mikhuba iqeda ukwethembana ohlelweni lokushicilela lwezemfundo. Labo abawela kulezi ziteshi bangase bakhokhele izinqubo ezingekho, babone umsebenzi wabo uhlotshaniswa nemikhuba engafanele, noma babeke idumela labo lobuchwepheshe engcupheni—into ebucayi kakhulu ekuqaleni komsebenzi wocwaningo.
Ucwaningo lukhuluma ngeqiniso indida yezikhungoNakuba iTelegram imelela ithuluzi elinamandla amakhulu okusabalalisa isayensi ngokuqinile, ukubandakanyeka okuqondile okulinganiselwe kwabamemezeli abaningi epulatifomu Lokhu kushiya isikhala abantu abazenza abanye abasisebenzisayo ngaphandle kokuphikiswa. Uma kungekho ziteshi ezisemthethweni ezibonakala ngokucacile, abasebenzisi bagcina besebenzisa ezinye izindlela, ezimweni eziningi, ezingezona izinto ababonakala benazo.
Esimweni saseYurophu, lapho kulwiwa khona ulwazi olungelona iqiniso kanye namanga esayensi Nakuba lokhu sekuyinto eza kuqala kwezepolitiki nakwezomthetho, isimo esichazwe ku-Telegram sinikeza inselele eyengeziwe. Ukulula kokudalwa nokwandiswa kweziteshi kusho ukuthi inkinga ingasakazeka ngokushesha, okuphoqa izikhungo, imitapo yolwazi, kanye nezinhlangano ezilawulayo ukuthi zithuthukise amasu amasha okuqapha nokuphendula.
Ukuya ezinhlelweni zokuqapha ezihlanganisiwe kanye nemigqa emisha yocwaningo
Ngenxa yalesi simo, abacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseGranada basekela ukuthuthukiswa kwe izinhlelo zokuthola nokuqapha ezihlanganisiwe ezihlanganisa amakhono obuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokubuyekezwa kochwepheshe babantu. Umqondo uwukusebenzisa isikali sokuhlaziywa kwamamodeli olimi ukulandelela iziteshi eziningi nemiyalezo, kodwa ukushiya isinqumo sokugcina ezandleni zamaqembu ochwepheshe.
Kulolu hlelo, i-AI izosebenza njenge ithuluzi lokuqala lokumaphaLokhu kuhilela ukuhlonza iziteshi ezintsha ezisolisayo, amaphethini okukhwabanisa aphindaphindayo, noma amanethiwekhi ama-akhawunti asebenzisa kabusha amagama nama-logo abashicileli abadumile. Ukusuka lapho, ababhali bamadokhumenti, abalabhulali, kanye nabasebenzi babashicileli bangabuyekeza amacala atholakele bese bethatha isinyathelo, kungaba ngokuwabika epulatifomu, bexwayisa abasebenzisi, noma ngokuqinisa ukuba khona kwabo okusemthethweni.
Ucwaningo luphinde lukhombe ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi yandisa le ndlela kwezinye izindawo zolwazi olungamanga Lezi zinkinga zivame kakhulu ku-Telegram, njengokusabalala kwezindaba zesayensi ezingamanga, imibono yozungu mayelana nempilo, kanye nokuqukethwe kwezepolitiki okushintshiwe. Le ndlela ihambisana nezinto eziza kuqala zezikhungo eziningi zaseYurophu ezinesifiso sokuba namathuluzi asebenzayo okuthola nokuvimba imikhankaso yolwazi olungamanga ngaphambi kokuba isabalale.
Ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo kwemisebenzi yokuhlaziya umbhalo kanye nokuqukethwe okuthuthukisiwe kumamodeli olimi kuvula ithuba lokuthi izinhlelo zokuqapha ezisebenzayo abakwazi ukukhipha izixwayiso kusenesikhathi mayelana nokuvela kwamanethiwekhi amasha eziteshi mbumbulu. Lezi zixwayiso zingaba usizo kubashicileli, amanyuvesi, kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi ezifuna ukuvikela ukuxhumana kwesayensi nokugcina amazinga ekhwalithi olwazini olufinyelela emphakathini.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abalobi bagcizelela isidingo sokuthi Abashicileli besayensi ngokwabo kufanele baqinise ukuba khona kwabo okuqinisekisiwe ku-Telegram nakwamanye amapulatifomu afanayo. Ukuhlonza iziteshi ezisemthethweni ngokucacile, izinqubomgomo zokuxhumana ezisobala, kanye nemiyalezo eqhubekayo kuzosiza abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlukanise kalula imithombo esemthethweni futhi banciphise ububanzi babalingisi.
Umsebenzi owenziwe eNyuvesi yaseGranada ukwenza kucace ukuthi iqiniso lokuthi Ngaphezu kwama-78% eziteshi zesayensi zokushicilela ku-Telegram zingamanga. Lokhu akuyona inkinga encane, kodwa yinto ehlelekile ethinta indlela ulwazi lwezemfundo olusakazwa ngayo ku-inthanethi. Ukubhekana nakho kudinga ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe, ukwahlulela kochwepheshe, kanye nokubandakanyeka okukhulu kwezikhungo ukuze kubuyiselwe indawo esiteshini sokuxhumana lapho, okwamanje, abenzi bokukhwabanisa besebenza kalula kakhulu.
