La I-NASA inikeze imvume osomkhathi ukuthi bathathe ama-smartphone, okuhlanganisa nama-iPhone, emisebenzini yabo ezayo eya eNyangeni kanye naseSiteshini Somkhathi Samazwe Ngamazwe.Lokho kuze kube manje okwakuzwakala njengehlaya ezinkundleni zokuxhumana kunenqubomgomo esemthethweni sekuphenduke isinqumo esingokomlando esizothinta ngqo I-Crew-12 kanye ne-Artemis II, imisebenzi ebalulekile yabantu yohlelo lwasemkhathini lwase-US ezinyangeni ezizayo.
Ngalesi shintsho, i-ejensi yasemkhathini yase-US iphula isiko elineminyaka eminingi lapho Amadivayisi omuntu siqu esimanje ayevinjelwe cishe emikhunjiniKusukela manje kuqhubeke, osomkhathi bazokwazi ukusebenzisa omakhalekhukhwini besimanje njengamakhamera angaphansi kanye namathuluzi abo siqu ukuze babhale phansi ulwazi lwabo, njalo ngaphakathi kwemingcele eqinile yokuphepha futhi ngaphandle kokuba yingxenye yezinhlelo ezibalulekile zomsebenzi.
Yini ngempela i-NASA eyimemezele ngama-iPhone aseNyangeni?
Umuntu owayenesibopho sokusakaza izindaba kwakungu Jared Isaacman, umlawuli we-NASAngokuthunyelwe ku-inthanethi X. Emyalezweni wakhe, uchaze ukuthi Osomkhathi abasemsebenzini we-Crew-12 kanye no-Artemis II bazokwazi ukundiza ngama-smartphone akamuva, ushintsho lwenqubomgomo olwaluxoxwe ngaphakathi isikhathi esithile, kodwa okungekho muntu owayelindele ukubona kuqinisekiswa maduze kangaka.
Ngokusho kuka-Isaacman, Okubaluleke kakhulu kulesi sinyathelo ukunikeza amalungu omndeni amathuluzi okuthwebula izikhathi ezikhethekile zemindeni yawo nokwabelana ngezithombe namavidiyo akhuthazayo nomhlaba wonke.Ngamanye amazwi, i-NASA icabanga ukuthi ifoni ephathekayo yesimanje, empeleni, iyikhamera enamandla kakhulu futhi etholakala njalo, efanele ukuthwebula izigcawu ezizenzakalelayo ezivame ukuphuthelwa ngemishini yendabuko yezithombe engaphakathi.
Umphathi uphinde wagcizelela ukuthi Lokhu akuyona nje into "enhle" evumela osomkhathi.kodwa kunalokho ushintsho olujulile endleleni yokucabanga ngaphakathi kwenhlangano. Ngamazwi akhe, lesi sinqumo siwumsebenzi ohlosiwe futhi "Izinqubo zefa eliyinselele" kanye nokusheshisa ukuqinisekiswa kwehadiwe yesimanje ukuze isetshenziswe ngokuphephile ekuzungeni nasekubeni khona komuntu esikhathini esizayo ebusweni benyanga.
Okwamanje, i-NASA ayikasho lutho esidlangalaleni. yiziphi izinhlobo eziqondile ze-iPhone noma ezinye i-smartphone Akucaci ukuthi bazoba yingxenye yemisebenzi, noma ukuthi bazoba yizindawo zokuzimela zosomkhathi noma amayunithi alungiselelwe ukundiza ngqo. Konke kusikisela ukuthi bazoba amadivayisi akhethiwe futhi ahlolwe kusengaphambili, hhayi omakhalekhukhwini abathathwa yisomkhathi ngamunye ephaketheni labo ngaphambi kokugibela indiza.
Kungani ama-iPhone namanye amafoni aphathwayo manje esezovunyelwa ku-Artemis II
Phakathi namashumi eminyaka, Izinqubo ze-NASA zaziqinile kakhulu kunoma iyiphi idivayisi kagesi engaklanyelwanga ngokuqondile isikhala.Ingozi yokuphazamiseka kwezinhlelo zomkhumbi, izinkinga ezingaba khona zamabhethri angenalutho, imisebe, kanye nesidingo sokunciphisa noma yikuphi ukwehluleka kwenza omakhalekhukhwini besimanje bangafaneleki ngisho nokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu.
Ukuze kuvunyelwe idivayisi, i-ejensi idinga ukuhlolwa okuphelele kokumelana nemisebe, ukudlidliza, i-vacuum, amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi ezintweniImikhiqizo eminingi yezentengiselwano yashiywa ngoba nje inqubo yokuqinisekisa yayihamba kancane kakhulu noma ibiza kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nenzuzo eyayingayiletha kulo msebenzi. Yingakho, ku-Artemis II, ikhamera ethuthuke kakhulu eyayihlelwe ekuqaleni yayiyi i-DSLR ye-Nikon ka-2016, ehambisana namakhamera esenzo aneminyaka ecishe ibe yishumi ubudala.
Ngale ndlela entsha, u-Isaacman ubonisa ukuthi I-NASA inqume ukusheshisa nokulungisa lezi zinqubo, ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukuphepha.Umqondo awukona ukuvula umnyango wokuthi noma iyiphi idivayisi yabathengi indiza ngokungalawuleki, kodwa ukuhlonza izimo zokusetshenziswa ezingabalulekile lapho amadivayisi anjenge-smartphone engangeza khona inani ngaphandle kokufaka umgomo engozini.
Esinye isiqephu sephazili izinhlelo zokuxhumana zemvelo yenyanga. I-NASA ngokwayo, kanye nabalingani abafana no I-Nokia ibilokhu isebenza kumanethiwekhi e-4G/LTE alungiselelwe iNyanga isikhathi esithile.zenzelwe ikakhulukazi ama-rover nemishini yesayensi. Nakuba omakhalekhukhwini be-astronaut ngeke basebenze sengathi baxhunywe kunethiwekhi yomhlaba, Lezi zinguquko zibonisa ukuthi ingqalasizinda yezokuxhumana ezungeze iNyanga iyathuthuka. Futhi lokho, esikhathini esimaphakathi, akunangqondo ukucabanga ngezinga elithile lokuxhumana kweselula ezisekelweni zenyanga zesikhathi esizayo.
Kunoma ikuphi, le nhlangano ikucacisile ukuthi Ama-smartphone azosetshenziswa kumodi engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ngesikhathi semisebenziZizoba usizo ekuthatheni izithombe, ekuqopheni ividiyo, ekubhaleni amanothi asheshayo nasekusebenziseni izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingadingi uxhumano, kodwa hhayi ekwenzeni izingcingo noma ukuphequlula i-inthanethi njengoba besingenza eMhlabeni.
Indlela amafoni azosetshenziswa ngayo ekuzungeni naseNyangeni
Omunye wemibuzo evame ukubuzwa ezinkundleni zokuxhumana selokhu kwamenyezelwa uhlobene nento elula kakhulu: Usomkhathi uzoyisebenzisa kanjani i-iPhone egqoke isudi yasemkhathini ecindezelwe kanye namagilavu awugqinsi? Amasudi amanje awaklanyelwe ukusebenzisana nama-touchscreen ajwayelekile, ngakho-ke ukuthatha isithombe ngokuthinta nje komunwe akulula njengoba kubonakala.
I-NASA ihlola izixazululo zobuchwepheshe ukuze Amafoni aphathwayo angenziwa asebenze ngaphandle kokucindezela isikrini ngokoqobo.Lokhu kungabandakanya ukusebenzisa izibali-sikhathi, iziqalisi zezwi, ukushukuma okuchazwe kusengaphambili, noma ngisho nokuhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlelo esutini yasemkhathini noma esikhwameni sokusekela impilo. Into ebalulekile ukuthi umgibeli wezindiza angakwazi ukuklama nokurekhoda isikhathi ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni eminye imisebenzi noma ukuphepha kwakhe.
Esinye isici esibalulekile yi- Amabhethri e-lithium kanye nokuziphatha kwawo esikhaleniEsimweni lapho ukuvuza, ukushisa ngokweqile, noma ukwehluleka okungalindelekile kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, le nhlangano ihlole amadivayisi kanzima. ukuhlolwa kokuphepha okuthile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azibeki ingozi kumkhumbi-mkhathi noma kubasebenzi. Leli elinye lamaphuzu adala imibuzo eminingi emphakathini, futhi i-NASA iyiphendula ngemininingwane yangaphakathi kanye nezitifiketi, yize ingangeni kakhulu emininingwaneni yobuchwepheshe yabezindaba.
Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, ukukhanga kwamafoni kusobala: Idivayisi eyodwa ihlanganisa ikhamera yekhwalithi ephezulu, amathuluzi okubhala izichasiselo, ukudlala okuqukethwe, isikhathi, nokuninginge-interface abashayeli bezindiza abayaziyo ngekhanda. Lokhu kunciphisa isikhathi sokuqeqeshwa futhi kwenza ukuhlanganiswa kwayo empilweni yansuku zonke yomsebenzi kube ngokwemvelo, kokubili eSiteshini Somkhathi Samazwe Ngamazwe kanye nasohambweni oluzungeza iNyanga.
Empeleni, i-NASA ifuna Amafoni aphathwayo ahambisana namakhamera ochwephesheAkukhona ukuthi zizothatha indawo yazo. Izithombe zesayensi kanye nemisebenzi esemthethweni yokubhala imibhalo kuzohlala kungumthwalo wemfanelo wamaqembu aqokiwe, kuyilapho i-smartphone izosebenza njengohlobo lwe-digital pocket notebook lapho kuzoqoshwa khona "impilo ekhona" ngokombono womuntu siqu.
I-Artemis II kanye ne-Crew-12: imisebenzi yokuqala yokwethula omakhalekhukhwini bomuntu siqu
Inqubomgomo entsha izoqaliswa nge imisebenzi emibili ehlukene kakhulu kodwa ebaluleke ngokulinganayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Abasebenzi-12umsebenzi ohlanganyelwe we-NASA-SpaceX ohloselwe ukuthatha izindiza ezine ziye eSiteshini Sesikhala Samazwe Ngamazwe ukuqinisa abasebenzi ngemuva kokususwa esibhedlela ngenxa yezokwelapha kwangaphambilini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, U-Arthemisi II, ukuzijwayeza okukhulu kokugqoka kokubuyela komuntu eNyangeni.
u-Artemis II uzoba Umsebenzi wokuqala we-NASA wokuhamba enyangeni eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-50I-capsule ye-Orion, eqhutshwa yirokhethi I-Space Launch System (SLS)Izokwenza uhambo oluya endaweni ezungezile cishe izinsuku eziyishumi izungeze isathelayithi engenalo izwe, ihlola zonke izinhlelo zokusekela impilo kanye nezokuxhumana ezizodingeka kamuva. U-Artemis III kanye nemisebenzi eyalandela, manje sekufike phezulu.
Iqembu lika-Artemis II lakhiwe yi Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, Christina Koch noJeremy HansenUGlover uzoba ngumuntu wokuqala wase-Afrika waseMelika ukuya endaweni yasenyangeni, kanti uKoch uzoba ngowesifazane wokuqala ukwenza kanjalo, kanti uHansen uzondiza njengommeleli we-Canadian Space Agency. Konke kubonisa lokho. Bazoba ngabantu bokuqala ukuthatha i-smartphone yabathengi ihambe kangaka eMhlabeni.
Kusukela eYurophu naseSpain, lo msebenzi ulandelwa ngentshisekelo ekhethekile, kusukela Izinkampani eziningana zaseYurophu nezikhungo zobuchwepheshe zihilelekile ezinhlelweni ezibalulekile ze-Orion kanye nasezicini zohlelo lwe-ArtemisNakuba omakhalekhukhwini abazondiza kulindeleke ukuthi babe amamodeli adumile kakhulu e-United States, ukuvuleleka kwe-NASA kwihadiwe yezentengiselwano yesimanje nakho kuthumela umyalezo ocacile embonini yaseYurophu: kunendawo yezixazululo ezithuthukiswe lapha ukuthola indawo yazo emisebenzini yesikhathi esizayo, uma nje ziphumelela izivivinyo zokuqinisekiswa ezidingakalayo.
Uma konke kuhamba ngokwecebo, I-Artemis II izoqala ukusebenza ngemuva kokulungiswa kweshejuli okubangelwe ukuvuza kukaphethiloli okutholakale ekuhlolweni kwe-SLS kwangaphambilini.Lokhu kubambezeleka kobuchwepheshe kuphoqe ushintsho emsebenzini, kodwa futhi kunikeze isikhathi esengeziwe sokuqeda ukuqinisekisa amadivayisi amasha azohamba ngaphakathi, kufaka phakathi ama-smartphone.
Isibonelo: I-Apple namanye amadivayisi omuntu siqu esikhaleni
Nakuba lokhu kungokokuqala i-NASA ivumela ngokucacile lokho ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kwama-smartphone emsebenzini wenyangaAkusikho okokuqala imikhiqizo yabathengi—ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo ye-Apple—idlula i-Earth. Eminyakeni edlule, Amadivayisi amaningana avela kumkhiqizo aqongelele umlando wawo omncane we-orbital.
Ngawo-1990, I-laptop ye-Macintosh yandiza kabili ingena emkhathini.Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko kwakuwukuhlola ukuthi izixhumi zezithombe kanye namadivayisi okufaka aziphatha kanjani ku-microgravity, ngesikhathi i-NASA yayisasebenza ngamakhompyutha asebenza cishe ngekhibhodi kuphela. Eqinisweni, ku Ngo-1991, i-imeyili yokuqala yathunyelwa ivela esikhaleni. ngenxa yesofthiwe ye-Macintosh ne-AppleLink ngesikhathi somsebenzi we-STS-43 we-space shuttle i-Atlantis.
Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, amanye amadivayisi avela enkampanini yaseCalifornia alandela indlela efanayo. I-iPod edumile yabonakala ezandleni zezazi zezinkanyezi eSiteshini Sesikhala Samazwe NgamazweNgokuyinhloko isetshenziswa njengesidlali somculo ezivivinyweni kanye nangesikhathi sekhefu, eminye isetshenziswe ngisho nasezifundweni zezokwelapha nezokuqonda, ezihlanganiswe nezinqubo ezibanzi.
En Ngo-2011, ama-iPhone 4 amabili andize emsebenzini wokugcina we-space shuttle i-Atlantis.Lawo mafoni ayehloselwe ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezenzelwe indawo yasemkhathini, yize izinga abasebenzi ababewasebenzisa ngalo lalingakaze licace ngokuphelele. Muva nje, I-iPad ne-Apple Watch Ziye zabonakala kaningi ku-ISS
Ngaphezu kwezindiza ze-NASA ezisemthethweni, Imisebenzi yangasese ibe yindawo yokuhlola ukusetshenziswa okukhululekile kwamaselula namanye amadivayisi.Ezinhlanganweni ezifana I-Polaris Dawn noma imisebenzi ye-Axiom Space E-International Space Station, osomkhathi base bevele behamba nama-smartphone ngaphandle kwemingcele efanayo ebekwe yinhlangano yomphakathi. Lokho okuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini kuye kwasebenza, ngokwengxenye, njengereferensi yesinyathelo i-NASA esisithathayo manje nge-Artemis II kanye ne-Crew-12.
Ukwenziwa kwesikhala kube ngabantu kanye nomthelela waso emphakathini
Ngale kwezici zobuchwepheshe, isinqumo sokuthi vumela isazi sezinkanyezi ukuthi sikhiphe ifoni yaso ephathekayo ukuze sithathe isithombe noMhlaba noma iNyanga ngemuva Inesici esicacile esingokomfanekiso. I-NASA iyaqaphela ukuthi siphila enkathini lapho ukuxhumana okuningi kuncike olimini olubonakalayo esilusebenzisa nsuku zonke: izithombe ezizenzakalelayo, amavidiyo amafushane, iziqeshana ezabiwe cishe ngesikhathi sangempela.
Le nhlangano iyaqiniseka ukuthi Okuqukethwe okukhiqizwe osomkhathi ngokwabo besebenzisa omakhalekhukhwini babo kuzosondeza imisebenzi yomphakathi.Ngokungafani nesithombe sakudala, esisezingeni eliphezulu nesihlungiwe, lezi zinto ezintsha zizonikeza izigcawu eziningi zansuku zonke: ukuthi impilo injani ngempela ngaphakathi kwendizamkhathi, ukuthi kunjani ukubona iplanethi ngefasitela, noma ukuthi abasebenzi basabela kanjani ekuphumeni kwelanga okuzungeza iplanethi.
Abasebenzisi bezinkundla zokuxhumana sebeqalile ukuhlekisa ngalesi simo, becabanga ngosomkhathi ecela ishaja ye-USB-C ngoba wayishiya kumojuli noma ukuhlola izaziso befake isigqoko sabo. Ngaphandle kokuhlekisa, iphuzu eliyisisekelo ukuthi Isikhala siya ngokuya sibhekwa njengento ekude futhi sigcinelwe "amaqhawe" ambalwafuthi ikakhulukazi njengendawo yokusebenza—nendawo yokuhlala—lapho abantu begcina khona amasiko namathuluzi afana kakhulu nawethu.
Ku-NASA uqobo, lokhu kusondelana akuyona into encane. Le nhlangano incintisana ngokunakwa endaweni yezindaba egcwele abezindaba, futhi Izithombe namavidiyo aqoshwe ngomakhalekhukhwini angaxhumana nezilaleli ezisencane ezingase zingabi nentshisekelo embikweni wezobuchwepheshe noma engqungqutheleni yabezindaba.EYurophu naseSpain, lapho isithakazelo esikhaleni sihambisana khona nezinye izinto eziningi eziza kuqala ezindabeni, lolu hlobo lokuqukethwe lungasiza ukugcina ingxoxo iphila mayelana nohlelo lwe-Artemis kanye namathuba esayensi nawezimboni oluwavulayo.
Ekugcineni, okusengozini akukhona nje kuphela izithombe ozishuthe zona nenyanga ngemuvaKodwa akuyona nje indlela esilandisa futhi sikhumbula ngayo lokhu kubuyela komuntu endaweni yasenyangeni okubalulekile. Njengasezithombeni ezimnyama nezimhlophe zika-Apollo, izithombe ezithathwe manje—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziphelele ngokobuchwepheshe noma cha—cishe yizo eziqoshwe enkumbulweni yethu sonke.
Sekukonke, isinqumo se-NASA sokuvumela osomkhathi ukuthi bayise ama-iPhone namanye ama-smartphone eNyangeni sibonisa ushintsho oluthakazelisayo: Kuvula ithuba lokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bansuku zonke ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kuphoqa ukubuyekezwa kwezinqubo ezindala, futhi kuthembisa indaba eqondile kakhulu neyobuntu ngemisebenzi ezayo., lapho abaseYurophu nabaseSpain nabo benengxenye yekusasa lemboni yabo yasemkhathini esengozini.